Key Management Service: The client can then ‘unblind’ this signed blinded token using cryptographic blinding.Then, the authentication service validates and exchanges the OAuth token for a signed blinded token. The client first generates an OAuth token and a blinded token (see below for definition). Authentication service: This service validates users’ access to VPN by Google One.By employing a cryptographic blind signing step between user authentication and connecting to the VPN, we give users a stronger guarantee that their network activity can't be tied back to their identity.įigure 2: VPN by Google One’s authentication with blind signaturesĪrchitecturally, we’ve split authentication from the data tunnel setup into two separate services: We wanted to eliminate that vulnerability by separating the authentication of the user from their use of the service. This ID could allow VPN operators, or attackers that compromise their infrastructure, to 'eavesdrop' and identify users’ and their network activity.

A traditional VPN could compromise a user’s sensitive data by linking their identity to their network traffic by means of a session ID. In addition to this transparency and external verification, we’ve built VPN by Google One to address some of the potential vulnerabilities of traditional architectures. To demonstrate how our design works and provide independent assurance of our data and security practices, we have open sourced our client APIs ( here) and conducted third party audits of our system ( here). We believe a VPN must be robust, and transparent. We will never use the VPN connection to track, log, or sell your online activity. With VPN by Google One, users’ network traffic is not identifiable to the VPN and never logged by VPN. With growing demand for VPNs 5 in a mixed landscape of solutions, we have used our expertise in privacy, cryptography, and networking infrastructure to build a Google-grade VPN. Unfortunately, not all VPN providers have been proven to be trustworthy: some services are vulnerable 3, others request unnecessary access or monetize their users network data, and others fail to deliver on the promise of not logging their users’ online activity 4. Therefore, it is important to choose a VPN provider who provides robust privacy and security guarantees. While a VPN removes the ability for intermediaries to snoop on your traffic, it puts the VPN provider in a privileged position to potentially access your sensitive data. Masking your IP address from trackers, sites and apps you visit, which could be used to track your location or your network activity.Providing encrypted transit that hides your data and network activity from hackers and network nodes along the way, such as public WiFi hotspot or other service providers.When securely implemented, a VPN provides additional protection by: And even if security protections are properly implemented, sensitive data such as your IP address and the sites you visit can be visible to others 2. Unfortunately, not every online service provider is committed to implementing rigorous data protection standards 1, leaving gaps in how well consumers are protected and in how much control they have over who accesses their network traffic. When it comes to networking privacy and security, we’ve long encouraged the use of Transport Layer Security (TLS) and other protections across the wider web and app ecosystems. We focus on three core principles: keeping data secure by default, building products that are private by design, and putting our users -you- in control. At Google, keeping our users safe online means continuously protecting the privacy and security of their personal information.

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